Guide

B2B invoicing

Selling to other businesses means invoices with more on them than a receipt. Here is when an invoice is required, what it shows, and how e-invoicing changes B2B invoicing country by country.

Checked on October 23, 2026

Planned E-invoice files: Factur-X, ZUGFeRD, XRechnung, UBL, CII and Peppol BIS

What works today

When a business sale needs an invoice

In the EU, the seller makes sure an invoice is issued for "supplies of goods or services which he has made to another taxable person or to a non-taxable legal person" (Directive 2006/112/EC, art. 220(1), last verified 23 October 2026). A sale to a business is the plain case.

What the invoice shows

Article 226 of the Directive lists the details: the date, a sequential number, both parties' names and addresses, your VAT number, what you sold, the taxable amount, the rate and the VAT. When your customer pays the VAT (the reverse charge), add your customer's VAT number and the mention "Reverse charge". The whole list, point by point: EU VAT invoice requirements. The reverse charge: reverse charge invoice.

When to issue it

The Directive sets one time limit itself, for two cases only: supplies of goods "carried out in accordance with the conditions specified in Article 138" and "supplies of services for which VAT is payable by the customer pursuant to Article 196". For those, "an invoice shall be issued no later than on the fifteenth day of the month following that in which the chargeable event occurs" (art. 222, last verified 23 October 2026). Every other supply follows the deadline of the national law: "For other supplies of goods or services Member States may impose time limits on taxable persons for the issue of invoices." Spain, for example, sets its own in RD 1619/2012, art. 11: before the 16th of the next month for a business customer. Germany sets six months for a supply to another business in § 14 UStG.

E-invoicing is arriving

More countries now require structured e-invoices between businesses: Belgium since 2026, Germany and France in steps from 2025 to 2028, Spain from October 2027. The dates and sources are on e-invoicing.

Buyers want to add their own details

Online, a business buyer often pays first and needs the invoice later, with their company name and VAT number on it. InvoiceCow turns each Stripe payment into an invoice in your company's name and lets the buyer add or fix those details on your buyer page. The e-invoice files are planned, with their status shown under the title.

Sources

  1. EUR-Lex: Council Directive 2006/112/EC (consolidated 14.04.2025), art. 220(1)

    “(1) supplies of goods or services which he has made to another taxable person or to a non-taxable legal person;”

    Read on October 23, 2026

  2. EUR-Lex: Council Directive 2006/112/EC (consolidated 14.04.2025), art. 222

    “For supplies of goods carried out in accordance with the conditions specified in Article 138 or for supplies of services for which VAT is payable by the customer pursuant to Article 196, an invoice shall be issued no later than on the fifteenth day of the month following that in which the chargeable event occurs. For other supplies of goods or services Member States may impose time limits on taxable persons for the issue of invoices.”

    Read on October 23, 2026

  3. BOE: Real Decreto 1619/2012, art. 11.1

    “1. Las facturas deberán ser expedidas en el momento de realizarse la operación. No obstante, cuando el destinatario de la operación sea un empresario o profesional que actúe como tal, las facturas deberán expedirse antes del día 16 del mes siguiente a aquél en que se haya producido el devengo del Impuesto correspondiente a la citada operación.”

    Read on October 23, 2026

  4. Bundesministerium der Justiz: § 14 UStG

    “In den folgenden Fällen ist er zur Ausstellung einer Rechnung innerhalb von sechs Monaten nach Ausführung der Leistung verpflichtet, wenn der Umsatz nicht nach § 4 Nummer 8 bis 29 steuerfrei ist: 1. für eine Leistung an einen anderen Unternehmer für dessen Unternehmen;”

    Read on October 18, 2026

  5. EUR-Lex: Council Directive 2006/112/EC (consolidated 14.04.2025), art. 226(4)

    “the customer's VAT identification number, as referred to in Article 214, under which the customer received a supply of goods or services in respect of which he is liable for payment of VAT, or received a supply of goods as referred to in Article 138;”

    Read on October 23, 2026

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Planned Draft invoices in your AccountingYear books (opt-in)

What works today

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InvoiceCow is made by the AccountingYear team.